1. 对所有吸烟者而言,戒烟具有近期和远期健康益处。
已戒烟时间对健康带来的有益变化:
- 20分钟之内,你的心率和血压下降。
- 12小时,血液中的一氧化碳浓度降至正常值。
- 2-12周,你的循环系统出现改善,肺功能得以提高。
- 1-9个月,咳嗽和气短情况减少。
- 1年,你面临的冠心病危险约为吸烟者的一半。
- 5年,戒烟5-15年之后发生中风的危险会降到不吸烟者的程度。
- 10年,你罹患肺癌的危险会降至吸烟者的一半左右,发生口腔、喉、食道、膀胱、宫颈和胰腺癌的危险会降低。
- 15年,发生冠心病的危险等同非吸烟者。
2.已经出现了与吸烟有关的健康问题的所有年龄段的人员仍可从戒烟中获益。
开始戒烟的时间与继续吸烟者相比具有的益处:
- 约30岁时开始戒烟,可使预期寿命增加约10年。
- 约40岁时开始戒烟,可使预期寿命增加约9年。
- 约50岁时开始戒烟,可使预期寿命增加约6年。
- 约60岁时开始戒烟,可使预期寿命增加约3年。
- 出现威胁生命的疾病后开始戒烟,可快速获益。出现心脏病发作后的人员戒烟可使再次出现发作的几率降低50%。
3. 对儿童带来的健康益处
戒烟可减少与二手烟相关的许多儿童疾病额外危险,比如呼吸系统疾病(如哮喘)和耳部感染。
4.其他的健康益处
戒烟可以减少发生阳痿、怀孕困难、早产、婴儿低出生体重和流产的几率。
参考文献
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3. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Benefits of Smoking Cessation. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health. DHHS Publication No. (CDC) 90-8416. 1990.
4. Doll R, Peto R, Boreham J, Sutherland I. Mortality in relation to smoking: 50 years' observations on male British doctors. BMJ. 2004; 328(7455):1519-1527.
5.US Department of Health and Human Services 2004, The Health Consequences of Smoking: A Report of the Surgeon General, US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2004.